During World War I, an urgent call went out to scouts
and school children to collect acorns and conkers. This request came from the
Royal Naval Cordite Factory at Holton Heath. Young collectors were told this
was valuable war work. The reason was not explained but an assurance was given to
the gatherers that they would be paid for their collections. The factory
had been built after the Admiralty had decided it needed its own cordite manufacturing
facility. Holton Heath site had been chosen because it was away from centres of
population yet still had good road, rail and sea links. The factory had its own
site railway built and a jetty in Poole Harbour from where the cordite was
shipped to Priddy’s Hard at Gosport.
Cordite was a propellant used in gun and artillery ammunition. During World War I, vast quantities were required and the chemical acetone was one of its constituents. At first acetone was distilled from wheat much of which washed imported from the USA. However by mid 1917, wheat was in short supply due to German submarines sinking shipping in the Atlantic Ocean. It was decided to use acorns and horse chestnuts, or conkers, as an alternative source of starch. The Government was loath to explain the reason for their use for fear the enemy might copy. One of the reasons given was to produce medicines to be sent to Russia for horses.
East Dorset Herald of 25th October 1917 reported:
‘The Superintendent of
the RN Cordite Factory, Holton Heath, near Wareham is prepared to pay at the
rate of one shilling & three pence (6p) per bushel for good acorns in lots
of 50 bushels and over delivered at the nearest railway station in the County
of Dorset. A limited number of sacks are available and can be lent on
application being made to the Superintendent, RN Cordite Factory who must be
informed immediately the collection is completed in order that forwarding
instructions can be given.’
Vast quantities of acorns and conkers were collected far more than there were trains to transport. So high piles just stood and rotted in the station yards. Poole Secondary School claimed at its Speech Day that its pupils had collected four tons of acorns. Even the Queen had joined in the gathering of acorns and conkers at Sandringham.
Sadly, the use of acorns and conkers for the production of
acetone was never to produce the yields that were originally hoped.
(Illustration: Royal Naval Cordite Factory, Holton Heath.)
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